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Why It's Important to See a Doctor
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a type of irregular heartbeat. These extra beats aren't usually hazardous, and they could disappear by themselves.
Doctors will listen to your heartbeat and look for other vital indicators. They might order a Holter Monitor that records the electrical impulses of your heart over a period of 24 to 48 hours. They may also order blood tests for checking your electrolyte levels and thyroid hormones.
Diagnosis
PVCs occur when electrical impulses coming from the lower chambers of the heart ventricles, or lower chambers, fail to pass through a structure referred to as the SA node. This causes the next heartbeat to be delayed, causing the sensation of racing or skipped beats. PVCs can be seen in one pattern or repeated patterns. Doublets are PVCs that occur in a series of. Ventricular tachycardia refers to three or more consecutive ones.
Some people are not experiencing any symptoms, while others experience heart palpitations. It can be felt as a pounding heartbeat or a slurred heartbeat. Other symptoms that are common are fatigue or dizziness, or a feeling of being unwell.
Many people who have occasional PVCs do not require any treatment. If a person has frequent episodes, doctors could suggest a change in diet or lifestyle, such as limiting caffeine, alcohol and stress. They might prescribe medications such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers that can lower blood pressure and slow down the heart rate.
Doctors will ask about the medical history of the patient and conduct a physical exam to determine their general health. They may also use an electrocardiogram (ECG) to capture an image of the heart's electrical activity or a Holter monitor which is worn for longer durations and records the heart's rhythms over time. Doctors may request blood tests in certain cases to determine if there are electrolyte imbalances or toxic effects of drugs.
Occasionally, a pvc doctor will refer someone to a specialist for heart rhythm issues or an electrophysiologist to conduct a further examination. The doctor can confirm a diagnosis of PVCs, and determine whether they are benign or malignant.
PVCs are frequent and usually don't cause any problems, except when they are frequent over a long period of time. This can lead to a weakening of the heart muscle or a condition called pvc-induced cardiomyopathy. It is more prevalent in older people or those with heart disease. It can also occur to healthy people with normal, normal hearts. However, it's more prevalent in people who exercise regularly. This is not a serious problem, but it is important to inform your doctor if symptoms such as fainting or fatigue occur.
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For many people, occasional PVCs aren't likely to cause symptoms or are harmless and require no treatment. However, for those who feel your heart is lagging a beat or is racing, it's crucial to see a doctor as soon as you can.
A cardiologist begins by interviewing you and performing a a physical exam, listening to your heart with an stethoscope to detect any irregular heartbeats. Additionally, you will undergo an electrocardiogram that captures the electrical impulses of your heart, allowing you to identify any arrhythmias. If an arrhythmia is detected, an all-day Holter monitor or other portable ECG will be required to capture the abnormal rhythm over longer durations of time. These devices can assist doctors determine whether you have PVCs, and their cause which could be due to an imbalance in electrolytes, drug toxicity or other causes.
An echocardiogram, also known as an ultrasound of your heart, may be ordered to determine if your heart is healthy and check for signs of structural problems that can lead to PVCs. You could also be asked to undergo stress tests to assess the response of your heart to exercise. Physical activity can increase the frequency of pvcs. You can also get blood tests to determine your thyroid hormone as well as potassium, magnesium, and other hormones to determine if they're too low. This could lead to PVCs.
After your doctor has determined that you suffer from PVCs and has eliminated any serious illnesses, the decision on how to treat them will be based on the extent to which they impact your life and how often they occur. If they occur only occasionally and do not cause any symptoms then your doctor is unlikely to recommend any treatment to decrease their frequency or severity.
If you experience frequent PVCs that trigger palpitations and other symptoms, such as feeling lightheaded or like you're going to faint, your physician might recommend medications for you, such as beta blockers or calcium channel blockers. Changes in your lifestyle, such as cutting down on smoking, caffeine, and excessive stress can also reduce the frequency of these abnormal pulses.
Prevention
PVCs can cause no symptoms or heart palpitations, which may feel like "skipped beats" or flutterings in the chest. Sometimes, these episodes trigger a fullness or pressure in the chest, and other times they can make a person feel faint. These episodes result from the heart not pumping as efficiently as it should. Regular PVCs increase a person's risk of developing dilated Cardiomyopathy, a condition in which the heart expands and becomes ineffective at pump blood.
PVCs are usually caused by changes in body chemistry. They can be caused by the release of thyroid and adrenaline hormones, as well as drinking caffeine or alcohol. Lack of exercise can trigger these symptoms and stress, as well as excess weight.
Certain people find that altering their diet may help to reduce the amount of PVCs. For instance, they can avoid foods that contain preservatives which could cause disturbances to the heart rhythm. These include disodium Guanylate, diazole, and disodium inosinate Sodium (E282-283). You can also take in more fruits and vegetables to ensure they are getting enough potassium and magnesium.
Regular health checks are important and include annual physicals. These tests can help identify any heart conditions that may be causing your PVCs. It is also recommended to adhere to an appropriate diet and avoid smoking, which could increase the frequency of your episodes.
A survey of 14 typical hospital wards found that healthcare personnel were generally aware of preventive measures against the infection caused by vascular catheters, but their self-assessed conformity to these procedures was not high. After a feedback program, compliance improved on some wards, but it was still not as high. This suggests that training on how to implement the preventive measures is necessary, and that those wards that are not complying should be targeted for surveillance of infection. These data can be used to guide quality improvement initiatives in these wards. This will likely require additional education and training of personnel. It will also mean making sure that the correct tools are available for implementation of preventive measures.
Signs and symptoms
If you feel like your heart is skipping beats or fluttering, it could be premature ventricular contractions. These arrhythmias can be harmless, but they could indicate you have heart issues that are serious.
In healthy individuals, PVCs that occur occasionally are not an issue. They typically disappear by themselves. If you've got a lot of them, they can cause dizziness or weakening. If you're concerned, talk to your doctor about the symptoms. They may need to determine the problem by taking an medical history and conducting a physical exam. They might also need to conduct an electrocardiogram, or other tests.
A quick ECG test allows your doctor to see the pulse of your heart moving through your body for a an extremely short time. If you have PVCs, they will show in the test. Your doctor may also recommend the use of a Holter monitor that records your heartbeat over a longer amount of time. These tests can help differentiate PVCs from arrhythmias causing heart palpitations. You might also be wearing a device that records your heart rate over the course of 30 days, which is known as an event monitor.
Other heart tests might be required, depending on the cause of your PVCs. A cardiologist will test your blood pressure or perform an echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart). These tests can determine whether you are suffering from a condition like heart failure, mitral valve prolapse, or cardiomyopathy.
Your doctor may also have to conduct an examination of your blood to determine what's wrong with your electrolytes, for example, low potassium levels or high calcium levels. This could be a sign of PVCs or other conditions that may cause them, such as anxiety disorders and anemia.
You may be referred to an electrophysiologist, one of the specialists who specialize in treating abnormal heart rhythms. If you suffer from structural heart disease the doctor may need to perform additional tests, like an MRI or CT scan of your chest. These tests can determine if you have damage to your heart, and how serious it is. In some cases doctors may suggest pacemakers to treat the issue that is causing the PVCs.